While FL
tubes and conventional light bulbs
distribute their light all around, LED light is directed to an angle of
120°.
Luminaries are designed to shade off the non-useful portions.
For example:
For a lamp
that illuminates a working area from
above, only the fraction of the light that hits the working area is
useful. All
other light is lost – radiated in other directions.
When
comparing the lumen, an FL tube needs to
produce much more light to achieve the same illumination on a flat
surface.
Since in most cases 2/3 of the light of an FL tube is lost that way, an
LED
tube only needs 1/3 of the lumens to achieve the same illumination.