LED means Light
Emitting Diode
An LED is a
semiconductor that emits light
when electric current passes through it.
The emission of light depends on electrons flowing through the junction
between
P and N regions; when an electron from the N region passes the junction
and
recombines with a hole in the P region, its energy is radiated as a
light pulse.
The color of that light
depends on the used
materials,
it can be red, amber, green or blue.